The World Flora Online

Rhizomes fleshy. Leaves: sheath glabrous; blade narrowly ovate to ovate, 20--60 ´ 10--30 cm, base obtuse to narrowly cuneate, apex shortly acuminate to acute, abaxially and adaxially glabrous. Inflorescences racemes, sometimes branched, bearing 1- to 2-flowered cincinni, 6--20 per inflorescence; primary bracts to 15 cm; secondary bracts to 9 cm; floral bracts persistent, broadly obovate to narrowly (ob)ovate(-triangular), 0.5--3 ´ 0.5--1.5 cm, apex entire, often glaucous; bracteoles (ovate-)triangular, 0.5--2 ´ 0.3--0.8 cm, apex entire. Flowers red to yellow-orange, never pure yellow (except in some hybrid cultivars), 4.5--7.5 cm; pedicels 0.2--1 cm, to 1.5 cm in fruit; sepals narrowly triangular, 0.9--1.7 ´ 0.2--0.5 cm; petals erect, 4--6.5 cm, tube 0.5--1.5 cm, lobes lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 3.5--5 ´ 0.4--0.7 cm; staminodes 3--4, narrowly obovate to spatulate, 4.5--7.5 cm, free part 0.3--0.5 cm wide, apex rounded, acute, or cleft; labellum reflexed, narrowly oblong, approximately equal to other staminodes. Capsules ellipsoid to nearly globose, 1.5--3 ´ 1.5--2 cm. Seeds black, globose to nearly globose, 5--8 ´ 4--6.7 mm diam. 2n = 18.

An occasional escape along roadsides in humid areas. Bordeaux Road (A3869). Common throughout tropical America, naturalized in Asia and tropical Africa. Fl (Feb, Jun, Aug), fr (Feb, Jun, Aug); cultivated for the starchy rhizomes, the flour of which is mixed with milk and sugar and cooked to make a pudding; also found in secondary vegetation as an escape from cultivation. Toloman, toloman-moussache. Fl (Feb, Jun, Aug), fr (Feb, Jun, Aug); cultivated for the starchy rhizomes, the flour of which is mixed with milk and sugar and cooked to make a pudding; also found in secondary vegetation as an escape from cultivation. Toloman, toloman-moussache.

Herb 0.5-2 m tall; rhizomes stout, often tuberous. Leaves ascending; blades 20-50 x 10-20 cm, ovate to elliptic, chartaceous, the apex acute to shortly acuminate, the base rounded, obtuse, or attenuate, the margins entire. Flowers large, showy, solitary or in 2-flowered cincinni along simple or branched inflorescences; bracts ovate to obovate, 1-3 cm long, purplish. Sepals narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 1.5-2 cm long; corolla red, 4.5-6.5 cm long, the tube 1-1.5 cm long, the lobes linear; outer staminodes narrowly elliptic, 5-7 cm long; inner staminodes recurved, narrowly oblong-ovate, 4.5-6.5 cm long; stamen 4-6 cm long; ovary tuberculate, the style as long as the stamen. Capsule ellipsoid to globose, purplish, 1.5-3 cm long, tuberculate. Seeds black, globose, numerous. Herbs, 1-3 m tall. Leaves elliptic, to 50 X 25 cm, the base gradually merging into sheath, the apex acuminate; sheath and leaf-base often covered with waxy, wool-like threads. Inflorescences simple or branched, 20-40 cm long, with 1 or 2 flowers arising from axil of each broadly ovate bract, the pedicels to ca. 5 mm long in fruit. Flowers: sepals purplish with glaucous covering, 10-12 mm long; petals red to orange, linear, ca. 50 mm long; stamen petaloid, orange-red tinged with yellow; staminodes 3, petaloid, narrowly oblong-obovate, 30-45 mm long, the two outer ones erect, red, the inner one recurved, yellow with red spots; style petaloid, orangered. Fruits ellipsoid to globose, with green or purple warts, 3-4 X 2.5-3.5 cm, crowned by persistent sepals. Herbs, 1-3 m tall. Leaves elliptic, to 50 X 25 cm, the base gradually merging into sheath, the apex acuminate; sheath and leaf-base often covered with waxy, wool-like threads. Inflorescences simple or branched, 20-40 cm long, with 1 or 2 flowers arising from axil of each broadly ovate bract, the pedicels to ca. 5 mm long in fruit. Flowers: sepals purplish with glaucous covering, 10-12 mm long; petals red to orange, linear, ca. 50 mm long; stamen petaloid, orange-red tinged with yellow; staminodes 3, petaloid, narrowly oblong-obovate, 30-45 mm long, the two outer ones erect, red, the inner one recurved, yellow with red spots; style petaloid, orangered. Fruits ellipsoid to globose, with green or purple warts, 3-4 X 2.5-3.5 cm, crowned by persistent sepals.

In some parts of the tropics cultivated for its edible rhizomes which are also locally used as medicine. Recently this, the following and other hybrids have been widely used in Thailand in constructed wetlands particularly in peninsular Thailand.

From Bolivia and throughout northern South America northwards to Mexico; cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics.

Rhizome branched. Stem up to 2.5 m high. Leaves with a short petiole; lamina dark green with purple tones, obovate to lanceolate up to 50 by 20 cm. Flowers 1–2 in each cincinnus; bracts green, ovate, 6–9 mm long. Outer tepals lanceolate ca 15 mm; inner tepals joined a base to a 15 mm long, yellow to orange tube, lobes lanceolate, ca 4 cm, yellow or red. Outer staminodes ca 5 by 1 cm; labellum red, often with yellow spots ca 5 cm; stamen lanceolate ca 4.5 cm. Ovary green, ca 5 mm in diam.; style red and yellowish-orange, ca 6 cm. Capsule broadly ovoid 1.5–2 cm long.

Canna indica L., Sp. Pl. 1. 1753; C. lutea Mill.; C. discolor Lindl.; C. sanctae-rosae Kraenzl.; C. warszewiczii var. flameus Ram. Goyena.

Hierbas 1–2 m de alto. Hojas angostamente ovadas a angostamente elípticas, 20–26 cm de largo y 10–30 cm de ancho, ápice cortamente acuminado a agudo, base obtusa a angostamente cuneada; vainas glabras. Inflorescencia frecuentemente un tirso compuesto, con cincinos de (1–) 2 flores, brácteas persistentes, hasta 15 cm de largo, bractéolas 5–20 mm de largo, pedicelos 2–10 (–15) mm de largo, flores rojas o a veces amarillas; sépalos 8–15 mm de largo; pétalos 4–6.5 cm de largo; estaminodios 3–4, 4.5–7.5 cm de largo. Cápsula elipsoide a subglobosa, 1.5–3 cm de largo; semillas 4–5 mm de diámetro.

Común en bosques y en áreas alteradas, en todo el país; 0–1300 m; fl y fr durante todo el año; García 92, Ortiz 1591; América tropical y subtropical; ampliamente cultivada como ornamental y frecuentemente se escapa de cultivo; es un complejo de especies muy variable.

Leafy herb, 3-5 m tall. Leaves 30-35 cm, oblong to spathulate, acute, pale green. Bracts green. Sepals 14-15 mm, oblong, pale green. Corolla lanceolate, much longer than the sepals, greenish-yellow. Lower staminode (labellum) c. 60 mm, reddish-yellow, spotted red, emarginate. Upper staminodes red, yellow or pinkish, c. 80 mm, spathulate, emarginate. Ovary warty. Capsule 12-23 x 10-20 mm, trigonal, muricate. Seeds globose, c. 5 mm in diameter, black or dark brown, shiny.

Herb 3-4 ft. high Scarlet or orange-red flowers. Scarlet or orange-red flowers.

Perennial herb, up to 1.2 m high with tall, annual stems covered by sheathing bases. Flowers with 3 upper petals red, lower 2 yellow, red-tipped and flecked.

Disturbed areas, roadsides.

Native to South America.

Tallo: rizoma(s) corto(s) tuberoso(s). Hoja: costa(s) plana(s); pulvino(s) ausente(s). Inflorescencia: ramificación(es) de la inflorescencia(s) ramificada(s). Flor: dimensiones de la flor(es) mayor(es) que 4 cm; color de las pétala(s) roja/naranja; margen(es) de las pétala(s) plana(s); margen(es) del estaminódio(s) recurvado(s); número de estaminódio(s) mayor(es) que 1. Caule: rizoma(s) curto(s) tuberoso(s). Folha: costa(s) plana(s); pulvino(s) ausente(s). Inflorescência: ramificação(ções) da inflorescência(s) ramificada(s). Flor: tamanho da flor(es) maior(es) que 4 cm; cor das pétala(s) vermelha/laranja; margem(ns) das pétala(s) plana(s); margem(ns) do estaminódio(s) recurvado(s); número de estaminódio(s) maior(es) que 1. Stem: rhizome short tuberous. Leaf: costa flat; pulvinus absent. Inflorescence: branching of the inflorescence branched. Flower: size of the flower bigger than 4 cm; colour of the petal red/orange; margin of the petal flat; margin of the staminodium recurved; number of the staminodium bigger than 1. Caule: rizoma(s) curto(s) tuberoso(s). Folha: costa(s) plana(s); pulvino(s) ausente(s). Inflorescência: ramificação(ções) da inflorescência(s) ramificada(s). Flor: tamanho da flor(es) maior(es) que 4 cm; cor das pétala(s) vermelha/laranja; margem(ns) das pétala(s) plana(s); margem(ns) do estaminódio(s) recurvado(s); número de estaminódio(s) maior(es) que 1. Stem: rhizome short tuberous. Leaf: costa flat; pulvinus absent. Inflorescence: branching of the inflorescence branched. Flower: size of the flower bigger than 4 cm; colour of the petal red/orange; margin of the petal flat; margin of the staminodium recurved; number of the staminodium bigger than 1.

Terrícola

Erva

Mexico to southern Brazil; Antilles. Chiefly in lowland thickets and open forest.

Plants 1-3 m. tall, glabrous throughout; leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic, acute to shortly acuminate, base broadly obtuse or rounded then abruptly and shortly decurrent to the sheath, 15-50 cm. long, 9-20 cm. broad; inflorescence usually branched several times toward the base, bearing numerous paired, shortly pedi- cellate to subsessile flowers; sepals lanceolate, 0.9-1.2 cm. long; corolla 3-4 cm. long, red frequently flushed with yellow toward the base, the lobes narrowly oblong-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate, spreading, the tube about as long as the sepals; staminodia oblanceolate, 4-5 cm. long, red frequently flushed with yellow or orange at the base; capsules irregularly ellipsoid, 2-4 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, densely spinose-muricate.

Rhizome developed, much branched. Stems stout, to 2.5 m. Leaf sheath green or purple; petiole short; leaf blade adaxially green, abaxially and at margin green or purple, ovate-oblong to oblong, 30--60 × 10--20 cm. Inflorescence a raceme of cincinni. Bracts light purple, ovate, ca. 8 mm. Flowers 1 or 2 per cincinnus. Sepals pale purplish green, lanceolate, ca. 1.5 cm. Corolla tube apricot yellow, ca. 1.5 cm; lobes erect, red to apricot yellow with purplish apex, lanceolate, ca. 4 cm. Staminodes 2(or 3), erect, red with apricot yellow base, oblanceolate, 4--5.5 cm × 7--10 mm, 1 with apex emarginate; labellum red, sometimes with yellow spots, lanceolate, ca. 4.5 cm, margin revolute, apex emarginate; fertile stamen with filament reddish apricot yellow, lanceolate, ca. 4.2 cm; anther ca. 9 mm. Ovary green, globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., warty. Style red to apricot yellow, narrow, ca. 6 cm, base adnate to staminode column. Capsule broadly ovoid, 1.2--1.8 cm. Fr. Sep--Oct. 2 n = 18.

Seeds spherical, smooth, very dark brown, ± 0.5 cm. in diameter. Capsule ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, covered outside with soft spines, opening irregularly. Style 4-5 cm. long, reddish or yellowish. Stamen 4-5 cm. long, petaloid portion involute; anther 0.7-1 cm. long, adnate to the sterile part for one-third of its length. Staminodes usually 3, spathulate, 4-6 × 1-1.5 cm., reddish, fused at the base, apex acute or emarginate. Labellum usually red above, yellow with red markings below, 4-5 × 0.6-1 cm., narrowly oblong, apex emarginate. Corolla 4-5 cm. long, the lowermost 1 cm. fused into a tube, the lobes free; lobes 3-4 × 0.3-0.7 cm., usually red but sometimes with yellow markings. Sepals ovate, acute, 1-1.5 × 0.4-0.9 cm. Leaf-blade narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, ± 60 × 25 cm., base rounded to cuneate, gradually attenuate to the sheath, apex acuminate. Inflorescence racemose, usually simple, but sometimes branched later, bearing single or paired flowers. Bracts broadly obovate, 0.9-2 × 1 cm. Upright herb usually 1-1.5 m. tall from a horizontal branching rhizome. Capsule ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, covered outside with soft spines, opening irregularly. Style 4-5 cm. long, reddish or yellowish. Stamen 4-5 cm. long, petaloid portion involute; anther 0.7-1 cm. long, adnate to the sterile part for one-third of its length. Staminodes usually 3, spathulate, 4-6 × 1-1.5 cm., reddish, fused at the base, apex acute or emarginate. Labellum usually red above, yellow with red markings below, 4-5 × 0.6-1 cm., narrowly oblong, apex emarginate. Corolla 4-5 cm. long, the lowermost 1 cm. fused into a tube, the lobes free; lobes 3-4 × 0.3-0.7 cm., usually red but sometimes with yellow markings. Sepals ovate, acute, 1-1.5 × 0.4-0.9 cm. Leaf-blade narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, ± 60 × 25 cm., base rounded to cuneate, gradually attenuate to the sheath, apex acuminate. Inflorescence racemose, usually simple, but sometimes branched later, bearing single or paired flowers. Bracts broadly obovate, 0.9-2 × 1 cm. Upright herb usually 1-1.5 m. tall from a horizontal branching rhizome.

Tallos 1–3 m. Hojas 15–45 × 7–20 cm, ovadas a elípticas o estrechamente así, no glaucas. Infl. conbrácteas persistentes. Fls. 3.5–5 cm, rojas a rojo amarillento. Frs. 2–2.5 cm de diám., subglobosos; pedicelosfructíferos ca. 0.5 cm.