The World Flora Online

Plants 50-120 cm tall. Rhizome creeping, apex densely scaly; scales pale brown, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, membranous, entire, with a capillary apex. Fronds caespitose; stipe dark stramineous or ferruginous, 20-30 cm, 3-8 mm in diam., clothed with narrowly lanceolate, fimbriate, dark brown scales and fibrillose scales extending upward along rachis; lamina oblong-lanceolate, 50-60 × 20-30 cm, widest at middle, bipinnate, gradually narrowed toward base, apex acuminate; pinnae ca. 28 pairs, slightly oblique, lanceolate, 12-20 × 1.5-2.5 cm, base truncate, shortly stalked, apex acuminate, lowest pinnae far apart, and shortened, ca. 2/3 as long as middle pinnae, pinnatisect; ultimate segments 18 or 19 pairs, slightly oblique, separated, oblong, incised-dentate on sides, apex obtuse. Lamina papery; veins pinnate, forked, 6 or 7 pairs on each pinnule, obscure on both surfaces, glabrous except for a few filiform scales on costae. Sori 3 or 4 pairs on each pinnule, on each side of costa, nearer to costa than to margin; indusia pale brown, orbicular-reniform, papery, margin incised, persistent.

Source: [
• 1
]. 

Leaves monomorphic, dying back in winter, 28--120 × 10--30 cm. Petiole less than 1/4 length of leaf, scaly at least at base; scales scattered, brown, of 2 distinct kinds, 1 broad, 1 hairlike (only this species has 2 distinct forms of scales without intermediates). Blade green, ovate-lanceolate, pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate at base, firm but not leathery, not glandular. Pinnae ± in plane of blade, lanceolate; basal pinnae ovate-lanceolate, much reduced, basal pinnules or segments ± same length as adjacent pinnules, basal basiscopic pinnule and basal acroscopic pinnule equal; pinnule margins serrate to lobed. Sori midway between midvein and margin of segments. Indusia lacking glands. 2 n = 164.

Source: [
• 2
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Rhizome ascending or erect; lvs mostly deciduous, appearing more delicate and finely divided than in spp. 5 and 6; petiole a third as long as the blade, its numerous scales pale, concolored, the broad, toothed ones intermingled with narrow, hair-like ones; blade to 10+ dm, mostly 1.5–3 dm wide; pinnate-pinnatifid with numerous (mostly 20–30 pairs) of pinnae to 15 × 4 cm, the largest pinnae near or a little below the middle and with (15)20+ pairs of segments, many of the segments evidently contracted at the base; larger ultimate segments (0.7–)1–1.5(–2) cm; ramentum ± plentiful on the rachis and costae, sometimes on the lower surface of the blade, chiefly of narrow, elongate, hair-like scales, that of the rachis sometimes partly of more evident (but still narrow) scales; 2n=164. Thickets, moist woods, and streambanks; circumboreal, extending s. to Vt., n. Mich., ne. Ill., S.D., and Mex.

Source: [
• 6
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Rhizomes suberect to erect; rhizome scales lacking in the sole Mexican specimen, but elsewhere concolorous, orange-tan, of two distinct kinds, one broad, ovate to lanceolate, mostly 5-15 x 2-6 mm, the other hair-like, mostly 4 x 0.1 mm, lustrous, irregularly toothed to subentire; fronds 50-80 cm long; stipes stramineous, ca. 15 cm x 4 mm (frond incomplete), less than 1/4 the frond length, with scales near bases and also some distally, 10-18 mm long, with acuminate tips, eglandular; blades herbaceous, green, lanceolate, 40-60 x 15-25 cm, 2-pinnate-pinnatifid in the proximal 2/3-3/4, pinnate-pinnatifid in the distal 1/3-1/4, with pinnae mostly alternate, spreading 75-90º from rachises, 25-35 pairs; rachises stramineous, moderately scaly, eglandular; proximal pinnae 8 x 3.2 cm, shorter than second pinna pair, equilateral with pinnules about the same length on basiscopic and acroscopic sides, to 2 x 0.9 cm; distal pinnae sessile or stalked to 3 mm, equilateral, to ca. 13 x 4 cm, the 5th or 6th pinna pair the longest, pinnules serrate to lobed ca. halfway to costules; indument abaxially of scattered stramineous to light tan scales on costae and costules, glands absent or sparse, adaxially glabrous; sori medial, with tan indusia ca. 1 mm diam., flattish, eglandular; 2n=164 (USA).

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• 10
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Çokyıllık. 20-150 cm boyunda bitkiler. Rizom kuvvetli, 20 × 2-2,5 cm, dik veya yatık-yükselici, siyahımsı-kahverengi eski yaprak kalıntıları ile örtülü, genç kısımları daha kalın saman renkli pullu. Fırontlar 35-150 cm, kış aylarında kalıcı değil; petiyol ayanın yarısı kadar; pullar şeritsi-mızraksı ilâ yüreksi, genellikle açık kahverengi veya saman renkli, 1,5 × 0,5 cm; aya 30-125 × 10-30 cm, yumuşak, mızraksı, üstte koyu, altta açık yeşil, teleksi. Telekler 20-35 çift, bazen tabanda yarı-karşılıklı, yoksa almaşlı, sapsız veya sapsızca, şeritsi-mızraksı, tabanda kesik, genellikle sipsivri; teleğin ayası derin teleksi; telekçikler almaşlı veya karşılıklı, dikdörtgensi, ucu yuvarlak, kenarı testere dişli, nadiren derince veya sığ loplu; eksen ve orta damarın alt tarafı sık pullu veya bazen pulsuz. Fıront’un üst 1/3’ü verimli, soruslu. Soruslar dairesel, ikincil damarların üzerinde, telek veya telekçiklerin orta damarı ile paralel, kenar hattında ikili; indizyum dışbükey, böbreksi, genellikle salgısız, kalıcı.

Blätter 30–120 cm lang, weich, nicht überwinternd. Stiel 1/4–1/3 so lang wie die Spreite, besonders an der Basis dicht mit blassbraunen Spreuschuppen besetzt. Spreite lanzettlich, mit 20–35 Fiederpaaren, nach der Basis deutlich verschmälert,

Source: [
• 5
]. 

7–9. Wälder, Hochstaudenfluren, Weiden, kollin-subalpin(-alpin). CH.

Source: [
• 5
]. 

Terrestrial in pine-oak forests; 1500-2250 m. Canada, USA (including Tex, N Mex, Ariz, and Calif); Mexico; Greenland; Europe; Asia.

Source: [
• 10
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