The World Flora Online

Plants small, in lax to dense tufts, yellowish. Stems 0.5-1.5(-3) cm, erect to inclined, simple, tomentose proximally. Leaves erect and straight or curved and homomallous when dry, erect-spreading when moist, triangular-lanceolate, 0.7-1.3 mm; margins plane proximally, narrowly revolute distally, bluntly serrulate nearly to base, teeth usually single proximally, paired distally; apex acuminate; costa percurrent to short-excurrent, distal abaxial surface rough; laminal cells , prorulose at distal ends, ; basal cells quadrate to rectangular, wider than distal, 10-65 × 8-12 µm; distal cells narrowly oblong, 20-50 × 5-8 µm. Specialized asexual reproduction by brood branches in distal leaf axils. Sexual condition dioicous; perigonia gemmiform. Seta 1.3-3 cm, straight. Capsule 1.5-2 mm. Spores subspheric to reniform, 23- 26 µm.

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Philonotis uncinata (Schwaegr.) Brid., Bryol. Univ. 2: 22. 1827.

Bartramia uncinata Schwaegr., Sp. Musc. Frond. Suppl. 1(2): 60. 1816. Protologue: Guadeloupe and Martinique. In monte sulphurifero Guadalupae et in Martinica lectam et curiose observatam dedit Richard

 Philonotis muhlenbergii var. tenella Brid., Bryol. Univ. 2: 23. 1827. Bartramia tenella (Brid.) C. Müll., Syn. Musc. Frond. 1: 481. 1849. Philonotis tenella (Brid.) Jaeg., Ber. Thätigk. St. Gallischen Naturwiss. Ges. 1873-1847: 79. 1875. Protologue: Hispaniola. Hispaniolà, ubi Bertero legit, caespitose habitat. Balbis communicavit.

Bartramia glaucescens Hornsch. in Mart., Fl. Brasil. 1(2): 40. 1840.  Philonotis glaucescens (Hornsch.) Broth., Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 21, 3(3): 27. 1897. Philonotis uncinata var. glaucescens (Hornsch.) Florsch., Fl. Suriname 6(1): 205. 1964. Protologue: Brazil. In truncis vetustis silvarum prope Sebastianopolin, Octobri: Beyrich.

Philonotis gracillima Ångstr., Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 33(4): 17. 1876. Philonotis uncinata var. gracillima (Ångstr.) Florsch., Fl. Suriname 6(1): 205. 1964. Protologue. Brazil. [Caldas], Regnell sub N:o 38 misit.

Philonotis nanodendra Ren, & Card., Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31(1): 160. 1892. Protologue: Costa Rica. Sur un talus humide, dans le voisinage de la station du chemin der fer, à San José ([Pittier] n^o 5554). Type: Costa Rica. San José, Tonduz, 1889. Pl. Cost. n^o 5554 (NY).

Philonotis scobinifolia C. Müll., Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 188. 1897. Protologue. Guatemala. Mazatenango. Coll. [Bernoulli & Cario] N^o 130; Alta Vera Paz, Pansamalá: v Türckheim, Decembri 1887 fertilis.

Plants small to medium-sized, in loose or dense, glaucous green, green, or yellowish green tufts, to 40 mm high. Stems red; rhizoids at base, reddish brown, major rhizoids lightly papillose, minor rhizoids smooth to lightly roughened. Leaves 0.5–2.5 mm long, closely or distantly spaced, imbricate, erect or erect-spreading when wet or dry, straight or secund, oblong-lanceolate to triangular lanceolate; apices acuminate, acute or obtuse; margins narrowly revolute, bluntly or sharply serrate by two rows (rarely one row) of teeth; costae subpercurrent to short-excurrent; cells papillose, papillae at upper cell ends, upper cells subquadrate, short- or long-rectangular, lax (sublinear and firm-walled in uncinata-expression), 12–37 x 5–10 μm, basal cells near costa enlarged, rectangular, to 50 x 20 μm, alar cells quadrate. Dioicous. Perigonia gemmiform. Setae 10–30 mm long, red. Capsules 1–2 mm long, brown, ovoid to subglobose, inclined to pendent, exothecial cells firm-walled; opercula 0.5 mm long, conic‑mammillate; peristome double, exostome teeth red, narrowly triangular, outer surface finely papillose below, coarsely papillose near tips, inner surface smooth, trabeculae thick, endostome nearly as long as the exostome, yellowish, finely papillose granulose below, segments split along the median line and each half diverging toward the cilia, cilia 2–3, well-developed. Spores reniform, 20–25 μm, papillose.

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Plants small to moderately robust (0.5-3 cm high), in dense to lax, green or yellowish-green tufts, tomentose below, simple or sparingly branched, straight or hooked at the tips. Leaves imbricate and often secund when dry, erect-spreading when moist, 0.5-1.5 mm long, oblong-lanceolate to narrowly triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, acute, or obtuse; margins revolute, serrate nearly to the base, the teeth paired; costa subpercurrent to short-excurrent; upper cells rhomboidal to sublinear, u p to 80 µm long, 4-10 µm wide, usually distinctly papillose at upper ends; basal cells scarcely to distinctly laxer and wider. Dioicous. Setae straight, 1.5-3 cm long; capsules inclined to cernuous, 1.5-2 mm long, ovoid to subglobose, furrowed; operculum low-conic; exostome teeth lanceolate, 350-400 µm long, reddish, faintly papillose below, coarsely papillose near the tips; endostome segments nearly as long as the exostome, keeled, yellowish, distinctly papillose throughout, the cilia ± coherent. Spores ovoid to subreniform, papillose, 20-25 µm.

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Tufo

Rupícola Terrícola

On moist or wet soil or rocks from near sea level to middle elevations; Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Chiapas, Colima, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Puebla, Sinaloa, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Yucatan, Veracruz.—Mexico to Brazil; Kansas and the southeastern United States; West Indies; Africa, Australia, and Oceania.

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