Plants to 10 cm, in loose, irregular mats or dense pure cushions, yellow, yellow-green, or brown to blackish when growing suboptimally. Stems yellow, yellowish green, or yellowish brown; cross section pentagonal, cortical cells in 4-6 irregular layers, outer medulla cells thicker walled than inner, central strand conspicuous, sometimes degraded; rhizoids between leaves throughout plants, conspicuous when dry or moist, or visible among leaves at base of plants. Leaves distant and not covering rhizoids, or imbricate and rhizoids mostly hidden, undulate, twisted or straight when dry, erect-spreading when moist, broadly to narrowly lanceolate, widest at base, often concave; base not rounded to insertion; margins revolute usually one time, sometimes more, in proximal 2/3, irregularly serrulate at apex; apex acute, acuminate, or narrowed, rounded, and somewhat cucullate; costa flexuose; laminal cells rounded quadrate, short-rectangular, or elliptic, papillae large; basal cells often 2-stratose at insertion, walls brown. Specialized asexual reproduction by bullet- or spearpoint-shaped propagula, flat at attachment, in terminal cluster. Perigonia as terminal discoid splash platforms; paraphyses of 8-12 cells. Perichaetia with paraphyses absent. Seta 3-5 cm. Capsule inclined to horizontal, 3-4 mm; operculum short-rostrate, rostrum blunt; endostome cilia nodose. Spores 10-15 µm, smooth. Plants fairly robust, in loose or dense, yellow, yellow-green or yellow-brown, often conspicuously tomentose tufts about 3-9 cm high; sterile plants often bearing clusters of ± triangular propagula at the end of a bristle-like stem tip (and also a few in a leaf-like arrangement below the end). Leaves erect-spreading, twisted and contorted when dry, 2-4 mm long, keeled, oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, somewhat decurrent; margins serrulate or serrulate-papillose toward the apex, revolute in the lower 3/4; costa flexuose above, ending somewhat below the apex; upper cells 9-13 µm wide, isodiametric, thick-walled, collenchymatous and ± stellate, unipapillose on both surfaces; basal cells similar except for several rows of pale to brownish, somewhat swollen cells with moderately thickened, straight walls at the insertion. Dioicous. Perigonia large, terminal. Setae 25-45 mm long; capsules 2.5-4 mm long, strongly inclined to horizontal, curved; operculum bluntly conic to stoutly and obliquely short-rostrate; segments of endostome gaping, the ciha 2-4. Spores 11-13 µm, smooth. A species of wet, mineral-rich habitats, in Mexico in a "Sphagnum bog" in pine-oak woods; Hidalgo (near Zacualtipan, Moore, TENN).—Mexico; Dominican Republic and northern South America; throughout Greenland, Canada, and the United States; reported from New Zealand; Europe and across Asia to Japan. Plants to 10 cm, in loose, irregular mats or dense pure cushions, yellow, yellow-green, or brown to blackish when growing suboptimally. Stems yellow, yellowish green, or yellowish brown; cross section pentagonal, cortical cells in 4-6 irregular layers, outer medulla cells thicker walled than inner, central strand conspicuous, sometimes degraded; rhizoids between leaves throughout plants, conspicuous when dry or moist, or visible among leaves at base of plants. Leaves distant and not covering rhizoids, or imbricate and rhizoids mostly hidden, undulate, twisted or straight when dry, erect-spreading when moist, broadly to narrowly lanceolate, widest at base, often concave; base not rounded to insertion; margins revolute usually one time, sometimes more, in proximal 2/3, irregularly serrulate at apex; apex acute, acuminate, or narrowed, rounded, and somewhat cucullate; costa flexuose; laminal cells rounded quadrate, short-rectangular, or elliptic, papillae large; basal cells often 2-stratose at insertion, walls brown. Specialized asexual reproduction by bullet- or spearpoint-shaped propagula, flat at attachment, in terminal cluster. Perigonia as terminal discoid splash platforms; paraphyses of 8-12 cells. Perichaetia with paraphyses absent. Seta 3-5 cm. Capsule inclined to horizontal, 3-4 mm; operculum short-rostrate, rostrum blunt; endostome cilia nodose. Spores 10-15 µm, smooth. A species of wet, mineral-rich habitats, in Mexico in a "Sphagnum bog" in pine-oak woods; Hidalgo (near Zacualtipan, Moore, TENN).—Mexico; Dominican Republic and northern South America; throughout Greenland, Canada, and the United States; reported from New Zealand; Europe and across Asia to Japan. Plants fairly robust, in loose or dense, yellow, yellow-green or yellow-brown, often conspicuously tomentose tufts about 3-9 cm high; sterile plants often bearing clusters of ± triangular propagula at the end of a bristle-like stem tip (and also a few in a leaf-like arrangement below the end). Leaves erect-spreading, twisted and contorted when dry, 2-4 mm long, keeled, oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, somewhat decurrent; margins serrulate or serrulate-papillose toward the apex, revolute in the lower 3/4; costa flexuose above, ending somewhat below the apex; upper cells 9-13 µm wide, isodiametric, thick-walled, collenchymatous and ± stellate, unipapillose on both surfaces; basal cells similar except for several rows of pale to brownish, somewhat swollen cells with moderately thickened, straight walls at the insertion. Dioicous. Perigonia large, terminal. Setae 25-45 mm long; capsules 2.5-4 mm long, strongly inclined to horizontal, curved; operculum bluntly conic to stoutly and obliquely short-rostrate; segments of endostome gaping, the ciha 2-4. Spores 11-13 µm, smooth. General Information
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Distribution
Source: [
Flora of North America @ efloras.org
General InformationMemoirs of the New York Botanical Garden
DistributionMoss Flora of China
General Information
