The World Flora Online

SELECTED REFERENCES

Wood, C. E. Jr. 1959. The genera of the Nymphaeaceae and Ceratophyllaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 40: 94--112.

Herbs , perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous; roots adventitious; air chambers conspicuous in vegetative portions of plant. Rhizomes branched, repent, slender. Leaves arising from erect stems with shortened internodes, submersed and floating; stipules absent. Leaf blade: laticifers commonly present. Submersed leaves ( Cabomba only) opposite [whorled], short-petioled; leaf blade palmately dissected. Floating leaves alternate; petiole short to long; leaf blade peltate, linear to broadly elliptic, sometimes with basal sinus (some Cabomba ), margins entire. Inflorescences axillary, solitary flowers. Flowers bisexual, protogynous, diurnal, borne at or above water surface (occasionally submersed); peduncle long; involucre absent; perianth persistent in fruit, hypogynous; sepals usually 3, distinct or nearly so; petals usually 3, alternate with sepals; stamens 3--36, rarely more; filaments slender; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits, without connective appendage; pistils [1--]2--18, 1-carpellate, inversely club-shaped or swollen on one side; ovary 1-locular; placentation laminar; ovules [1--]2--3[--5]; style short; stigma capitate or linear-decurrent. Fruits achenelike or folliclelike, leathery, indehiscent. Seeds 1--3, aril absent; endosperm sparse; perisperm abundant; embryo minute; cotyledons 2, fleshy.

Herbes'aquatiques, rhizomateuses.'Feuilles'sans stipules, dimorphes, les supérieures alternes, flottantes, peltées, à limbe entier, les inférieures opposées ou verticillées, submergées, divisées en segments linéaires ( Cabomba ), ou toutes peltées et entières ( Brasenia ).'Fleurs'axillaires, solitaires, ☿, actinomorphes, blanches, jaunâtres ou rougeâtres; sépales 3(4), libres; pétales 3(4), libres; étamines 3-18, libres, à anthères extrorses, à déhiscence longitudinale; carpelles (1)3-20, libres, uniloculaires; style court ou absent; stigmate atténué, simple; ovules 2-3, à placentation laminale ou dorsale, pendants, anatropes, bitégumentés.'Fruits'constitués par les carpelles mûrs indéhiscents, 1-3-spermes.'Graines à tégument épais, s'ouvrant à la germination par abscission d'un couvercle; pas d'arille; périsperme volumineux; cotylédons charnus.\n\t\t\tFamille groupant 2 genres et 8 espèces, distribuées actuellement en Afrique, Amérique, Asie et Australie, et, au Quaternaire, en Europe et Sibérie; pour la Flore, 1 genre monospécifique.

Stamens 3–18; anthers extrorse, opening lengthwise Seeds 1–3 with a fleshy endosperm Aquatic herbs with perennial rhizomes; stems coated with mucilage Carpels 2–18, free; style very short or absent but with an attenuated, entire stigma; ovules 1–3, pendulous, parietal Fruiting carpels indehiscent Petals 3, hypogynous Sepals 3 Flowers axillary, solitary, actinomorphic Leaves alternate, floating leaves peltate, sometimes with finely dissected submerged leaves in addition Seeds 1–3 with a fleshy endosperm Aquatic herbs with perennial rhizomes; stems coated with mucilage Carpels 2–18, free; style very short or absent but with an attenuated, entire stigma; ovules 1–3, pendulous, parietal Fruiting carpels indehiscent Petals 3, hypogynous Sepals 3 Flowers axillary, solitary, actinomorphic Leaves alternate, floating leaves peltate, sometimes with finely dissected submerged leaves in addition

Fls perfect, regular, hypogynous; sep and pet mostly 3(4) each and all ± petaloid, free and distinct or nearly so; stamens 3–18, differentiated into a slightly flattened filament and fairly conventional anther; pollen monosulcate or sometimes trichotomosulcate; pistils 2–18, distinct, each tapering into a short style; ovules 1–3, laminar along or near the dorsal suture; fr small, leathery, indehiscent, achene-like or follicle-like; seeds small, with small, dicotyledonous embryo, scanty endosperm, and copious perisperm; caulescent aquatic herbs with creeping rhizomes and elongate, distally floating, leafy stems; lvs alternate, long-petiolate, with floating, centrally peltate blade, or most or all of them opposite or whorled, submerged, short-petiolate, and much dissected; fls subaerial, solitary and long-pedunculate from the upper nodes. 2/8.

Herbs perennial, aquatic. Stems slender, branched, rhizomatous, repent; internodes at first elongate and apically floating, later erect, foliate, and shortened. Leaves dimorphic. Submersed leaves (Cabomba only), opposite or sometimes whorled, palmately dissected. Floating leaves alternate, peltate, entire. Flowers solitary, axillary from distal nodes, short to long pedunculate, bisexual, hypogynous, actinomorphic, borne at or above water surface; perianth persistent. Sepals 3, separate or nearly so. Petals 3, distinct, alternating with sepals. Stamens 3--36(--51), anthers dehiscent by longitudinal slits. Pistils 3--18, simple, obclavate or ventricose. Ovary 1-loculed; ovules 1--3, pendulous. Styles short. Stigmas capitate or linear-decurrent. Fruit achenelike or folliclelike, coriaceous, indehiscent. Seed endosperm little, perisperm abundant; embryo minute; cotyledons 2, fleshy.

Petals 3, hypogynous Sepals 3, petaloid Carpels 2–18, completely free, with a simple narrow stigma but very reduced style; ovules 1–3, parietal, pendulous, anatropous Stamens 3–18, with extrorse anthers dehiscing longitudinally Seeds with fleshy endosperm and perisperm but no aril Fruiting carpels indehiscent, 1–3-seeded Flowers rather small, hermaphrodite, axillary, solitary and regular Leaves alternate, the floating ones peltate, the submerged ones finely divided or absent Aquatic herbs with perennial sympodial rhizomes; stems long and slender, coated with mucilage Sepals 3, petaloid Carpels 2–18, completely free, with a simple narrow stigma but very reduced style; ovules 1–3, parietal, pendulous, anatropous Stamens 3–18, with extrorse anthers dehiscing longitudinally Seeds with fleshy endosperm and perisperm but no aril Fruiting carpels indehiscent, 1–3-seeded Flowers rather small, hermaphrodite, axillary, solitary and regular Leaves alternate, the floating ones peltate, the submerged ones finely divided or absent Aquatic herbs with perennial sympodial rhizomes; stems long and slender, coated with mucilage